Signs of autism start to appear at six months

Six months old children with high risk of developing autism and brain show some differences. This was unveiled by a team of experts from the University of North Carolina (USA) in an article published in American Journal Psychiatry.

According to their findings, there are abnormalities related to the amount and organization of white matter and brain interconnections during early childhood. "It had been studied in very young children and followed for two years to see how they evolved," says Mara Parellada, psychiatrist and coordinator in Gregorio Maranon Hospital in Madrid.

Because the symptoms of autism usually appear after two years, the authors of this study wanted to see if the brain is 'hiding' some clues that may indicate before the risk of developing this disorder. To this end, 92 children who had older siblings with autism (a risk factor) are selected. While asleep, they conduct tests of specific magnetic resonance imaging at 6 and 24 months. In addition, they also underwent celebrales scans at 12 and 24 months.

At the end of the study (after two years) 28 children (30%) met criteria for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder. As the researchers note, the difference between those who eventually developed the disorder and those without, was on "the extent of white matter fibers (the paths that connect the regionescerebrales) as measured by fractional anisotropy (FA).

The study examined 15 different fiber tracts and found significant differences in 12 of them when dealing with children with autism. In children who had the disorder, the speed with which organized the white matter was lower.

Primarily responsible for research, Jason Wolff, "this evidence suggests that autism affects the entire brain, not in isolation from any particular region." He adds, "this promising finding is a first step towards the possibility of developing a biomarker of risk to improve our current ability to diagnose autism." This would increase the chances of "interrupt the process with targeted interventions."

The Spanish specialist explains that "the sooner you detect the risk of autism, the sooner we can intervene and shape brain development." Do not forget that "it is very dependent on the experience of life (the younger, has more plasticity), and stimulating it properly, you can change the outcome.

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