Bacteriological safety of infant milk powder

Iinfant milk powder is not sterile! There may be Enterobacteriaceae, including Enterobacter sakazakii, pathogenic for infants.

Since 2000, cases of enterocolitis, sepsis and meningitis caused by Enterobacter have been reported in neonatal units.

Following this, WHO and several food safety agencies issued a series of recommendations to improve the bacteriological safety of infant milk powder. Whatever standards of different laboratories, contamination of powdered milk to the infant stage of production remains always possible.

The production process does not eliminate all germs and bacteriological checks on finished products are random. The likelihood of contamination of a box of milk during its production is estimated at 2.5 per 100 by the WHO, which is four times that of contamination of a bottle of milk in its preparation (at least in developed countries).

In contrast, for premature babies, there are liquid formulations that are sterile and ready for use. To reduce the risk of infection by Enterobacter sakazakii, bottles of milk should be prepared in hygienic conditions, with water at least 70°C (not 40°C). Enterobacter can not withstand such temperatures. Bottles can be kept for 24 hours in the refrigerator at least 5°C. However, industry and the medical establishment are unfavorable to the use of hot water. Their main objection is the degradation of different vitamins. In fact, only the vitamin C decreased significantly, but it remains acceptable. The other two objections are less serious: the formation of lumps of milk and the risk of mouth burns if the bottle is given without waiting for the milk to cool.

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